Direct & Indirect Speech (Narration)

Direct Speech: Exact words • Example: She said, "I am happy."

Indirect Speech: Reported words • Example: She said that she was happy.

Changes:

1. Tense Changes: • Present → Past • Past → Past Perfect • Will → Would

2. Pronoun Changes: • I → he/she • You → he/she/they

3. Time/Place Changes: • Now → then • Here → there • Today → that day • Tomorrow → next day

4. Reporting Verbs: • Said → said/told • Asked → asked/enquired