Prime Minister of India

The Constitution does not contain any specific procedure for the selection and appointment of the Prime Minister. Article 75 says only that the Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President.

• Convention: The President appoints the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha as the PM. When no party has a clear majority, the President exercises personal discretion.
• Eligibility: The PM may be a member of any of the two Houses of Parliament. If a person who is not a member of either House is appointed as PM, they must become a member (by election or nomination) within six months.
• Term: Not fixed. He holds office during the pleasure of the President. However, as long as he enjoys the majority support in the Lok Sabha, he cannot be dismissed.

The Prime Minister is the real executive authority (de facto executive) and the head of the government.

• In relation to Council of Ministers: Recommends persons for appointment as ministers. Allocates and reshuffles portfolios. He can ask a minister to resign or advise the President to dismiss him. His resignation or death automatically dissolves the Council of Ministers.
• In relation to President (Article 78): It is the duty of the PM to communicate to the President all decisions of the CoM relating to the administration of affairs of the Union and proposals for legislation. He acts as the principal channel of communication between the President and the CoM.
• In relation to Parliament: Advises the President on summoning and proroguing the sessions of Parliament. Can recommend dissolution of the Lok Sabha to the President at any time. Announces government policies on the floor of the House.
• Other Roles: Ex-officio Chairman of NITI Aayog, National Integration Council, Inter-State Council, and National Water Resources Council.